Form
If + past perfect, would have + past participle
| Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|
| If I had studied, I would have passed. | If she hadn't been late, she wouldn't have missed it. | What would you have done if you had known? |
Use
- Unreal situations in the past: the condition did not happen, so the result did not happen. If I had known, I would have come. (I didn't know, so I didn't come.)
- Regret or criticism: If you had told me, I would have helped.
- Mixed conditional: past condition, present result: If I had saved money, I would be rich now.
Formal inversion
Had I known, I would have left earlier. (= If I had known ...)
Watch out
- No would in the if-clause:
If I would have known → If I had known. - Use the past participle:
If he had went → If he had gone. - Contractions: I'd known (= I had) · I'd have gone (= I would have).
En español
Tercer condicional (if + had + participio, would have + participio) = situaciones irreales del pasado: Si hubiera estudiado, habría aprobado. Expresa arrepentimiento o lo que habría pasado.
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