Grammar in focus
The pronoun table
| Subject | Object | Possessive adjective | Possessive pronoun | Reflexive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | me | my | mine | myself |
| you | you | your | yours | yourself |
| he | him | his | his | himself |
| she | her | her | hers | herself |
| it | it | its | · | itself |
| we | us | our | ours | ourselves |
| they | them | their | theirs | themselves |
Use
- Subject pronouns go before the verb: She likes tea.
- Object pronouns go after the verb or a preposition: I know her. Give it to him.
- Possessive adjective + noun: my book. Possessive pronoun stands alone: The book is mine.
- Reflexive: subject and object are the same person: She hurt herself.
Watch out
- Things and animals: it. Weather and time: It's cold. It's 5 o'clock.
- it's = it is; its = possessive.
- Compound subjects: He and I are friends (not
Him and me).
En español
Los pronombres sustituyen a los sustantivos. Sujeto (I, you, he…), objeto (me, him…), posesivos (my / mine) y reflexivos (myself). Con cosas y clima se usa it.
US vs UK
This book teaches American English. These are the differences you will notice with British English on this topic.
Singular they is standard in both varieties; American style guides fully accept it.
El they singular es estándar en ambas variedades; las guías de estilo americanas lo aceptan.
Americans treat collective nouns as singular (it). British English often uses plural (they).
En EE. UU. los sustantivos colectivos son singulares (it). En Reino Unido a menudo son plurales (they).
Pronoun use is the same; the difference is in the phrases around it.
El uso del pronombre es igual; cambia la frase que lo rodea.
Exam practice
- Five parts, like a certification exam: multiple choice, open cloze, error identification, sentence transformation and US vs UK.
- Typed answers accept American spelling and contractions (don't = do not).
- Every item has feedback in English and Spanish. Items and options change order on every attempt.
- Only Exam mode saves your score to your progress. You pass with 70%.
Practice mode
No timer. Check each part as you go and read the feedback.
Exam mode
25 minutes. Feedback at the end. Your best score is saved.